SKA-Mid conversion guide

from importlib.metadata import version
import os

try:
    import xradio

    print("XRADIO version", version("xradio"), "already installed.")
except ImportError as e:
    print(e)
    print("Installing XRADIO")

    os.system("pip install xradio")

    import xradio

    print("xradio version", version("xradio"), " installed.")

XRADIO version 1.1.3 already installed.

Download dataset

import toolviper

toolviper.utils.data.download(file="AA2-Mid-sim_00000.ms")

[2026-04-20 15:20:21,456]     INFO   toolviper:  Initializing download...
[2026-04-20 15:20:21,457]     INFO   toolviper:  File already exists: /Users/vdesouza/work/xradio/docs/source/measurement_set/guides/AA2-Mid-sim_00000.ms

Convert to Processing Set

from xradio.measurement_set import convert_msv2_to_processing_set

ms_file = "AA2-Mid-sim_00000.ms"

main_chunksize = {"frequency": 1, "time": 20}  # baseline, polarization
outfile = "AA2-Mid-sim_00000.ps.zarr"
convert_msv2_to_processing_set(
    in_file=ms_file,
    out_file=outfile,
    parallel_mode="none",
    persistence_mode='w',
    main_chunksize=main_chunksize,
)

[2026-04-20 15:20:21,755]     INFO   toolviper:  Updated partition scheme used: ['DATA_DESC_ID', 'OBSERVATION_ID']
[2026-04-20 15:20:21,756]     INFO   toolviper:  Number of partitions: 1
[2026-04-20 15:20:21,756]     INFO   toolviper:  OBSERVATION_ID [0], DDI [0], STATE [None], FIELD [0], SCAN [0], EPHEMERIS [None]
[2026-04-20 15:20:21,898]  WARNING   toolviper:  SOURCE table empty for (unique) source_id [0] and spectral_window_id 0.

Processing Set

ps_name = outfile

from xradio.measurement_set import open_processing_set

ps_xdt = open_processing_set(ps_store=outfile)
ps_xdt.xr_ps.summary()

	name	scan_intents	shape	execution_block_UID	polarization	scan_name	spw_name	spw_intents	field_name	source_name	line_name	field_coords	session_reference_UID	scheduling_block_UID	project_UID	start_frequency	end_frequency
0	AA2-Mid-sim_00000_0	[None]	(95, 1891, 3, 4)	---	[XX, XY, YX, YY]	[0]	spw_0	[UNSPECIFIED]	[_0]	[Unknown]	[]	[fk5, 0h00m00.00s, -45d00m00.00s]	---	---		950000000.0	9.500989e+08

ms_xdt = ps_xdt["AA2-Mid-sim_00000_0"]

ms_xdt.xr_ms.get_field_and_source_xds()

<xarray.DatasetView> Size: 16kB
Dimensions:                       (field_name: 1, sky_dir_label: 2,
                                   baseline_id: 1891, frequency: 3,
                                   polarization: 4, time: 95, uvw_label: 3)
Coordinates:
  * field_name                    (field_name) <U23 92B '_0'
    source_name                   (field_name) <U7 28B dask.array<chunksize=(1,), meta=np.ndarray>
  * sky_dir_label                 (sky_dir_label) <U3 24B 'ra' 'dec'
  * baseline_id                   (baseline_id) int64 15kB 0 1 2 ... 1889 1890
  * frequency                     (frequency) float64 24B 9.5e+08 ... 9.501e+08
  * polarization                  (polarization) <U2 32B 'XX' 'XY' 'YX' 'YY'
  * time                          (time) float64 760B 9.467e+08 ... 9.467e+08
  * uvw_label                     (uvw_label) <U1 12B 'u' 'v' 'w'
Data variables:
    FIELD_PHASE_CENTER_DIRECTION  (field_name, sky_dir_label) float64 16B dask.array<chunksize=(1, 2), meta=np.ndarray>
Attributes:
    type:     field_and_source

xarray.DatasetView

• Dimensions:
  • field_name: 1
  • sky_dir_label: 2
  • baseline_id: 1891
  • frequency: 3
  • polarization: 4
  • time: 95
  • uvw_label: 3
• Coordinates: (8)
  • field_name
    (field_name)
    <U23
    '_0'

    array(['_0'], dtype='<U23')

  • source_name
    (field_name)
    <U7
    dask.array<chunksize=(1,), meta=np.ndarray>

    Array Chunk Bytes 28 B 28 B Shape (1,) (1,) Dask graph 1 chunks in 2 graph layers Data type

  • sky_dir_label
    (sky_dir_label)
    <U3
    'ra' 'dec'

    array(['ra', 'dec'], dtype='<U3')

  • baseline_id
    (baseline_id)
    int64
    0 1 2 3 4 ... 1887 1888 1889 1890

    array([   0,    1,    2, ..., 1888, 1889, 1890], shape=(1891,))

  • frequency
    (frequency)
    float64
    9.5e+08 9.5e+08 9.501e+08

    channel_width :

    {'attrs': {'type': 'quantity', 'units': 'Hz'}, 'data': 49438.4765625, 'dims': []}

    observer :

    TOPO

    reference_frequency :

    {'attrs': {'observer': 'TOPO', 'type': 'spectral_coord', 'units': 'Hz'}, 'data': 950000000.0, 'dims': []}

    spectral_window_intents :

    ['UNSPECIFIED']

    spectral_window_name :

    spw_0

    type :

    spectral_coord

    units :

    Hz

    array([9.500000e+08, 9.500494e+08, 9.500989e+08])

  • polarization
    (polarization)
    <U2
    'XX' 'XY' 'YX' 'YY'

    array(['XX', 'XY', 'YX', 'YY'], dtype='<U2')

  • time
    (time)
    float64
    9.467e+08 9.467e+08 ... 9.467e+08

    format :

    unix

    integration_time :

    {'attrs': {'type': 'quantity', 'units': 's'}, 'data': 0.7578947368421053, 'dims': []}

    scale :

    utc

    type :

    time

    units :

    s

    array([9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467420e+08, 9.467420e+08, 9.467420e+08,
           9.467420e+08, 9.467420e+08, 9.467420e+08, 9.467420e+08, 9.467420e+08])

  • uvw_label
    (uvw_label)
    <U1
    'u' 'v' 'w'

    array(['u', 'v', 'w'], dtype='<U1')

• Data variables: (1)
  • FIELD_PHASE_CENTER_DIRECTION
    (field_name, sky_dir_label)
    float64
    dask.array<chunksize=(1, 2), meta=np.ndarray>

    frame :

    fk5

    type :

    sky_coord

    units :

    rad

    Array Chunk Bytes 16 B 16 B Shape (1, 2) (1, 2) Dask graph 1 chunks in 2 graph layers Data type float64 numpy.ndarray

• Attributes: (1)

  type :

  field_and_source

ms_xdt.antenna_xds

<xarray.DataTree 'antenna_xds'>
Group: /AA2-Mid-sim_00000_0/antenna_xds
    Dimensions:                 (time: 95, baseline_id: 1891, frequency: 3,
                                 polarization: 4, uvw_label: 3, antenna_name: 62,
                                 cartesian_pos_label: 3, receptor_label: 2)
    Coordinates:
      * antenna_name            (antenna_name) <U5 1kB 's0000' 's0001' ... 's0061'
        mount                   (antenna_name) <U5 1kB dask.array<chunksize=(62,), meta=np.ndarray>
        station_name            (antenna_name) <U5 1kB dask.array<chunksize=(62,), meta=np.ndarray>
        telescope_name          (antenna_name) <U35 9kB dask.array<chunksize=(62,), meta=np.ndarray>
      * cartesian_pos_label     (cartesian_pos_label) <U1 12B 'x' 'y' 'z'
      * receptor_label          (receptor_label) <U5 40B 'pol_0' 'pol_1'
        polarization_type       (antenna_name, receptor_label) <U1 496B dask.array<chunksize=(62, 2), meta=np.ndarray>
    Inherited coordinates:
      * baseline_id             (baseline_id) int64 15kB 0 1 2 3 ... 1888 1889 1890
      * frequency               (frequency) float64 24B 9.5e+08 9.5e+08 9.501e+08
      * polarization            (polarization) <U2 32B 'XX' 'XY' 'YX' 'YY'
      * time                    (time) float64 760B 9.467e+08 ... 9.467e+08
      * uvw_label               (uvw_label) <U1 12B 'u' 'v' 'w'
    Data variables:
        ANTENNA_DISH_DIAMETER   (antenna_name) float64 496B dask.array<chunksize=(62,), meta=np.ndarray>
        ANTENNA_POSITION        (antenna_name, cartesian_pos_label) float64 1kB dask.array<chunksize=(62, 3), meta=np.ndarray>
        ANTENNA_RECEPTOR_ANGLE  (antenna_name, receptor_label) float64 992B dask.array<chunksize=(62, 2), meta=np.ndarray>
    Attributes:
        overall_telescope_name:  OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c
        relocatable_antennas:    False
        type:                    antenna

xarray.DataTree

'antenna_xds'

• Dimensions:
  • time: 95
  • baseline_id: 1891
  • frequency: 3
  • polarization: 4
  • uvw_label: 3
  • antenna_name: 62
  • cartesian_pos_label: 3
  • receptor_label: 2
• Coordinates: (7)
  • antenna_name
    (antenna_name)
    <U5
    's0000' 's0001' ... 's0060' 's0061'

    array(['s0000', 's0001', 's0002', 's0003', 's0004', 's0005', 's0006', 's0007',
           's0008', 's0009', 's0010', 's0011', 's0012', 's0013', 's0014', 's0015',
           's0016', 's0017', 's0018', 's0019', 's0020', 's0021', 's0022', 's0023',
           's0024', 's0025', 's0026', 's0027', 's0028', 's0029', 's0030', 's0031',
           's0032', 's0033', 's0034', 's0035', 's0036', 's0037', 's0038', 's0039',
           's0040', 's0041', 's0042', 's0043', 's0044', 's0045', 's0046', 's0047',
           's0048', 's0049', 's0050', 's0051', 's0052', 's0053', 's0054', 's0055',
           's0056', 's0057', 's0058', 's0059', 's0060', 's0061'], dtype='<U5')

  • mount
    (antenna_name)
    <U5
    dask.array<chunksize=(62,), meta=np.ndarray>

    Array Chunk Bytes 1.21 kiB 1.21 kiB Shape (62,) (62,) Dask graph 1 chunks in 2 graph layers Data type

  • station_name
    (antenna_name)
    <U5
    dask.array<chunksize=(62,), meta=np.ndarray>

    Array Chunk Bytes 1.21 kiB 1.21 kiB Shape (62,) (62,) Dask graph 1 chunks in 2 graph layers Data type

  • telescope_name
    (antenna_name)
    <U35
    dask.array<chunksize=(62,), meta=np.ndarray>

    Array Chunk Bytes 8.48 kiB 8.48 kiB Shape (62,) (62,) Dask graph 1 chunks in 2 graph layers Data type

  • cartesian_pos_label
    (cartesian_pos_label)
    <U1
    'x' 'y' 'z'

    array(['x', 'y', 'z'], dtype='<U1')

  • receptor_label
    (receptor_label)
    <U5
    'pol_0' 'pol_1'

    array(['pol_0', 'pol_1'], dtype='<U5')

  • polarization_type
    (antenna_name, receptor_label)
    <U1
    dask.array<chunksize=(62, 2), meta=np.ndarray>

    Array Chunk Bytes 496 B 496 B Shape (62, 2) (62, 2) Dask graph 1 chunks in 2 graph layers Data type

• Inherited coordinates: (5)
  • baseline_id
    (baseline_id)
    int64
    0 1 2 3 4 ... 1887 1888 1889 1890

    array([   0,    1,    2, ..., 1888, 1889, 1890], shape=(1891,))

  • frequency
    (frequency)
    float64
    9.5e+08 9.5e+08 9.501e+08

    channel_width :

    {'attrs': {'type': 'quantity', 'units': 'Hz'}, 'data': 49438.4765625, 'dims': []}

    observer :

    TOPO

    reference_frequency :

    {'attrs': {'observer': 'TOPO', 'type': 'spectral_coord', 'units': 'Hz'}, 'data': 950000000.0, 'dims': []}

    spectral_window_intents :

    ['UNSPECIFIED']

    spectral_window_name :

    spw_0

    type :

    spectral_coord

    units :

    Hz

    array([9.500000e+08, 9.500494e+08, 9.500989e+08])

  • polarization
    (polarization)
    <U2
    'XX' 'XY' 'YX' 'YY'

    array(['XX', 'XY', 'YX', 'YY'], dtype='<U2')

  • time
    (time)
    float64
    9.467e+08 9.467e+08 ... 9.467e+08

    format :

    unix

    integration_time :

    {'attrs': {'type': 'quantity', 'units': 's'}, 'data': 0.7578947368421053, 'dims': []}

    scale :

    utc

    type :

    time

    units :

    s

    array([9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467420e+08, 9.467420e+08, 9.467420e+08,
           9.467420e+08, 9.467420e+08, 9.467420e+08, 9.467420e+08, 9.467420e+08])

  • uvw_label
    (uvw_label)
    <U1
    'u' 'v' 'w'

    array(['u', 'v', 'w'], dtype='<U1')

• Data variables: (3)
  • ANTENNA_DISH_DIAMETER
    (antenna_name)
    float64
    dask.array<chunksize=(62,), meta=np.ndarray>

    type :

    quantity

    units :

    m

    Array Chunk Bytes 496 B 496 B Shape (62,) (62,) Dask graph 1 chunks in 2 graph layers Data type float64 numpy.ndarray

  • ANTENNA_POSITION
    (antenna_name, cartesian_pos_label)
    float64
    dask.array<chunksize=(62, 3), meta=np.ndarray>

    coordinate_system :

    geocentric

    frame :

    ITRS

    origin_object_name :

    earth

    type :

    location

    units :

    m

    Array Chunk Bytes 1.45 kiB 1.45 kiB Shape (62, 3) (62, 3) Dask graph 1 chunks in 2 graph layers Data type float64 numpy.ndarray

  • ANTENNA_RECEPTOR_ANGLE
    (antenna_name, receptor_label)
    float64
    dask.array<chunksize=(62, 2), meta=np.ndarray>

    type :

    quantity

    units :

    rad

    Array Chunk Bytes 0.97 kiB 0.97 kiB Shape (62, 2) (62, 2) Dask graph 1 chunks in 2 graph layers Data type float64 numpy.ndarray

• Attributes: (3)

  overall_telescope_name :

  OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c

  relocatable_antennas :

  False

  type :

  antenna

ms_xdt.ds

<xarray.DatasetView> Size: 35MB
Dimensions:                     (time: 95, baseline_id: 1891, frequency: 3,
                                 polarization: 4, uvw_label: 3)
Coordinates:
  * time                        (time) float64 760B 9.467e+08 ... 9.467e+08
    field_name                  (time) <U23 9kB dask.array<chunksize=(95,), meta=np.ndarray>
    scan_name                   (time) <U21 8kB dask.array<chunksize=(95,), meta=np.ndarray>
  * baseline_id                 (baseline_id) int64 15kB 0 1 2 ... 1889 1890
    baseline_antenna1_name      (baseline_id) <U5 38kB dask.array<chunksize=(1891,), meta=np.ndarray>
    baseline_antenna2_name      (baseline_id) <U5 38kB dask.array<chunksize=(1891,), meta=np.ndarray>
  * frequency                   (frequency) float64 24B 9.5e+08 ... 9.501e+08
  * polarization                (polarization) <U2 32B 'XX' 'XY' 'YX' 'YY'
  * uvw_label                   (uvw_label) <U1 12B 'u' 'v' 'w'
Data variables:
    EFFECTIVE_INTEGRATION_TIME  (time, baseline_id) float64 1MB dask.array<chunksize=(20, 1891), meta=np.ndarray>
    FLAG                        (time, baseline_id, frequency, polarization) bool 2MB dask.array<chunksize=(20, 1891, 1, 4), meta=np.ndarray>
    TIME_CENTROID               (time, baseline_id) float64 1MB dask.array<chunksize=(20, 1891), meta=np.ndarray>
    UVW                         (time, baseline_id, uvw_label) float64 4MB dask.array<chunksize=(20, 1891, 3), meta=np.ndarray>
    VISIBILITY                  (time, baseline_id, frequency, polarization) complex64 17MB dask.array<chunksize=(20, 1891, 1, 4), meta=np.ndarray>
    WEIGHT                      (time, baseline_id, frequency, polarization) float32 9MB dask.array<chunksize=(20, 1891, 1, 4), meta=np.ndarray>
Attributes:
    creation_date:     2026-04-20T21:20:21.785491+00:00
    creator:           {'software_name': 'xradio', 'version': '1.1.3'}
    data_groups:       {'base': {'correlated_data': 'VISIBILITY', 'date': '20...
    observation_info:  {'observer': ['fred'], 'observing_log': "['']", 'proje...
    processor_info:    {'sub_type': '', 'type': ''}
    schema_version:    4.0.0
    type:              visibility

xarray.DatasetView

• Dimensions:
  • time: 95
  • baseline_id: 1891
  • frequency: 3
  • polarization: 4
  • uvw_label: 3
• Coordinates: (9)
  • time
    (time)
    float64
    9.467e+08 9.467e+08 ... 9.467e+08

    format :

    unix

    integration_time :

    {'attrs': {'type': 'quantity', 'units': 's'}, 'data': 0.7578947368421053, 'dims': []}

    scale :

    utc

    type :

    time

    units :

    s

    array([9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467420e+08, 9.467420e+08, 9.467420e+08,
           9.467420e+08, 9.467420e+08, 9.467420e+08, 9.467420e+08, 9.467420e+08])

  • field_name
    (time)
    <U23
    dask.array<chunksize=(95,), meta=np.ndarray>

    Array Chunk Bytes 8.54 kiB 8.54 kiB Shape (95,) (95,) Dask graph 1 chunks in 2 graph layers Data type

  • scan_name
    (time)
    <U21
    dask.array<chunksize=(95,), meta=np.ndarray>

    scan_intents :

    ['None']

    Array Chunk Bytes 7.79 kiB 7.79 kiB Shape (95,) (95,) Dask graph 1 chunks in 2 graph layers Data type

  • baseline_id
    (baseline_id)
    int64
    0 1 2 3 4 ... 1887 1888 1889 1890

    array([   0,    1,    2, ..., 1888, 1889, 1890], shape=(1891,))

  • baseline_antenna1_name
    (baseline_id)
    <U5
    dask.array<chunksize=(1891,), meta=np.ndarray>

    Array Chunk Bytes 36.93 kiB 36.93 kiB Shape (1891,) (1891,) Dask graph 1 chunks in 2 graph layers Data type

  • baseline_antenna2_name
    (baseline_id)
    <U5
    dask.array<chunksize=(1891,), meta=np.ndarray>

    Array Chunk Bytes 36.93 kiB 36.93 kiB Shape (1891,) (1891,) Dask graph 1 chunks in 2 graph layers Data type

  • frequency
    (frequency)
    float64
    9.5e+08 9.5e+08 9.501e+08

    channel_width :

    {'attrs': {'type': 'quantity', 'units': 'Hz'}, 'data': 49438.4765625, 'dims': []}

    observer :

    TOPO

    reference_frequency :

    {'attrs': {'observer': 'TOPO', 'type': 'spectral_coord', 'units': 'Hz'}, 'data': 950000000.0, 'dims': []}

    spectral_window_intents :

    ['UNSPECIFIED']

    spectral_window_name :

    spw_0

    type :

    spectral_coord

    units :

    Hz

    array([9.500000e+08, 9.500494e+08, 9.500989e+08])

  • polarization
    (polarization)
    <U2
    'XX' 'XY' 'YX' 'YY'

    array(['XX', 'XY', 'YX', 'YY'], dtype='<U2')

  • uvw_label
    (uvw_label)
    <U1
    'u' 'v' 'w'

    array(['u', 'v', 'w'], dtype='<U1')

• Data variables: (6)
  • EFFECTIVE_INTEGRATION_TIME
    (time, baseline_id)
    float64
    dask.array<chunksize=(20, 1891), meta=np.ndarray>

    type :

    quantity

    units :

    s

    Array Chunk Bytes 1.37 MiB 295.47 kiB Shape (95, 1891) (20, 1891) Dask graph 5 chunks in 2 graph layers Data type float64 numpy.ndarray

  • FLAG
    (time, baseline_id, frequency, polarization)
    bool
    dask.array<chunksize=(20, 1891, 1, 4), meta=np.ndarray>

    Array Chunk Bytes 2.06 MiB 147.73 kiB Shape (95, 1891, 3, 4) (20, 1891, 1, 4) Dask graph 15 chunks in 2 graph layers Data type bool numpy.ndarray

  • TIME_CENTROID
    (time, baseline_id)
    float64
    dask.array<chunksize=(20, 1891), meta=np.ndarray>

    format :

    unix

    scale :

    utc

    type :

    time

    units :

    s

    Array Chunk Bytes 1.37 MiB 295.47 kiB Shape (95, 1891) (20, 1891) Dask graph 5 chunks in 2 graph layers Data type float64 numpy.ndarray

  • UVW
    (time, baseline_id, uvw_label)
    float64
    dask.array<chunksize=(20, 1891, 3), meta=np.ndarray>

    frame :

    fk5

    type :

    uvw

    units :

    m

    Array Chunk Bytes 4.11 MiB 886.41 kiB Shape (95, 1891, 3) (20, 1891, 3) Dask graph 5 chunks in 2 graph layers Data type float64 numpy.ndarray

  • VISIBILITY
    (time, baseline_id, frequency, polarization)
    complex64
    dask.array<chunksize=(20, 1891, 1, 4), meta=np.ndarray>

    type :

    quanta

    units :

    unkown

    Array Chunk Bytes 16.45 MiB 1.15 MiB Shape (95, 1891, 3, 4) (20, 1891, 1, 4) Dask graph 15 chunks in 2 graph layers Data type complex64 numpy.ndarray

  • WEIGHT
    (time, baseline_id, frequency, polarization)
    float32
    dask.array<chunksize=(20, 1891, 1, 4), meta=np.ndarray>

    type :

    quanta

    units :

    unkown

    Array Chunk Bytes 8.22 MiB 590.94 kiB Shape (95, 1891, 3, 4) (20, 1891, 1, 4) Dask graph 15 chunks in 2 graph layers Data type float32 numpy.ndarray

• Attributes: (7)

  creation_date :

  2026-04-20T21:20:21.785491+00:00

  creator :

  {'software_name': 'xradio', 'version': '1.1.3'}

  data_groups :

  {'base': {'correlated_data': 'VISIBILITY', 'date': '2026-04-20T21:20:21.865984+00:00', 'description': "Data group derived from the data column 'VISIBILITY' of an MSv2 converted to MSv4", 'field_and_source': 'field_and_source_base_xds', 'flag': 'FLAG', 'uvw': 'UVW', 'weight': 'WEIGHT'}}

  observation_info :

  {'observer': ['fred'], 'observing_log': "['']", 'project_UID': '', 'release_date': '2000-12-31T21:52:36'}

  processor_info :

  {'sub_type': '', 'type': ''}

  schema_version :

  4.0.0

  type :

  visibility

ant_xds = ps_xdt.xr_ps.get_combined_antenna_xds().compute()
ant_xds

<xarray.Dataset> Size: 32kB
Dimensions:                 (antenna_name: 62, cartesian_pos_label: 3,
                             receptor_label: 2, baseline_id: 1891,
                             frequency: 3, polarization: 4, time: 95,
                             uvw_label: 3)
Coordinates:
  * antenna_name            (antenna_name) <U5 1kB 's0000' 's0001' ... 's0061'
    mount                   (antenna_name) <U5 1kB 'FIXED' 'FIXED' ... 'FIXED'
    station_name            (antenna_name) <U5 1kB 's0000' 's0001' ... 's0061'
    telescope_name          (antenna_name) <U35 9kB 'OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-...
  * cartesian_pos_label     (cartesian_pos_label) <U1 12B 'x' 'y' 'z'
  * receptor_label          (receptor_label) <U5 40B 'pol_0' 'pol_1'
    polarization_type       (antenna_name, receptor_label) <U1 496B 'X' ... 'Y'
  * baseline_id             (baseline_id) int64 15kB 0 1 2 3 ... 1888 1889 1890
  * frequency               (frequency) float64 24B 9.5e+08 9.5e+08 9.501e+08
  * polarization            (polarization) <U2 32B 'XX' 'XY' 'YX' 'YY'
  * time                    (time) float64 760B 9.467e+08 ... 9.467e+08
  * uvw_label               (uvw_label) <U1 12B 'u' 'v' 'w'
Data variables:
    ANTENNA_DISH_DIAMETER   (antenna_name) float64 496B 1.0 1.0 1.0 ... 1.0 1.0
    ANTENNA_POSITION        (antenna_name, cartesian_pos_label) float64 1kB 5...
    ANTENNA_RECEPTOR_ANGLE  (antenna_name, receptor_label) float64 992B 0.0 ....
Attributes:
    overall_telescope_name:  OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c
    relocatable_antennas:    False
    type:                    antenna

xarray.Dataset

• Dimensions:
  • antenna_name: 62
  • cartesian_pos_label: 3
  • receptor_label: 2
  • baseline_id: 1891
  • frequency: 3
  • polarization: 4
  • time: 95
  • uvw_label: 3
• Coordinates: (12)
  • antenna_name
    (antenna_name)
    <U5
    's0000' 's0001' ... 's0060' 's0061'

    array(['s0000', 's0001', 's0002', 's0003', 's0004', 's0005', 's0006', 's0007',
           's0008', 's0009', 's0010', 's0011', 's0012', 's0013', 's0014', 's0015',
           's0016', 's0017', 's0018', 's0019', 's0020', 's0021', 's0022', 's0023',
           's0024', 's0025', 's0026', 's0027', 's0028', 's0029', 's0030', 's0031',
           's0032', 's0033', 's0034', 's0035', 's0036', 's0037', 's0038', 's0039',
           's0040', 's0041', 's0042', 's0043', 's0044', 's0045', 's0046', 's0047',
           's0048', 's0049', 's0050', 's0051', 's0052', 's0053', 's0054', 's0055',
           's0056', 's0057', 's0058', 's0059', 's0060', 's0061'], dtype='<U5')

  • mount
    (antenna_name)
    <U5
    'FIXED' 'FIXED' ... 'FIXED' 'FIXED'

    array(['FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED',
           'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED',
           'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED',
           'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED',
           'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED',
           'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED',
           'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED',
           'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED',
           'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED', 'FIXED'], dtype='<U5')

  • station_name
    (antenna_name)
    <U5
    's0000' 's0001' ... 's0060' 's0061'

    array(['s0000', 's0001', 's0002', 's0003', 's0004', 's0005', 's0006',
           's0007', 's0008', 's0009', 's0010', 's0011', 's0012', 's0013',
           's0014', 's0015', 's0016', 's0017', 's0018', 's0019', 's0020',
           's0021', 's0022', 's0023', 's0024', 's0025', 's0026', 's0027',
           's0028', 's0029', 's0030', 's0031', 's0032', 's0033', 's0034',
           's0035', 's0036', 's0037', 's0038', 's0039', 's0040', 's0041',
           's0042', 's0043', 's0044', 's0045', 's0046', 's0047', 's0048',
           's0049', 's0050', 's0051', 's0052', 's0053', 's0054', 's0055',
           's0056', 's0057', 's0058', 's0059', 's0060', 's0061'], dtype='<U5')

  • telescope_name
    (antenna_name)
    <U35
    'OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b8...

    array(['OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c',
           'OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c',
           'OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c',
           'OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c',
           'OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c',
           'OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c',
           'OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c',
           'OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c',
           'OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c',
           'OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c',
           'OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c',
           'OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c',
           'OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c',
           'OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c',
           'OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c',
           'OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c',
           'OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c',
           'OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c',
           'OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c',
           'OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c',
    ...
           'OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c',
           'OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c',
           'OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c',
           'OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c',
           'OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c',
           'OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c',
           'OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c',
           'OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c',
           'OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c',
           'OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c',
           'OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c',
           'OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c',
           'OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c',
           'OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c',
           'OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c',
           'OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c',
           'OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c',
           'OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c',
           'OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c',
           'OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c'], dtype='<U35')

  • cartesian_pos_label
    (cartesian_pos_label)
    <U1
    'x' 'y' 'z'

    array(['x', 'y', 'z'], dtype='<U1')

  • receptor_label
    (receptor_label)
    <U5
    'pol_0' 'pol_1'

    array(['pol_0', 'pol_1'], dtype='<U5')

  • polarization_type
    (antenna_name, receptor_label)
    <U1
    'X' 'Y' 'X' 'Y' ... 'X' 'Y' 'X' 'Y'

    array([['X', 'Y'],
           ['X', 'Y'],
           ['X', 'Y'],
           ['X', 'Y'],
           ['X', 'Y'],
           ['X', 'Y'],
           ['X', 'Y'],
           ['X', 'Y'],
           ['X', 'Y'],
           ['X', 'Y'],
           ['X', 'Y'],
           ['X', 'Y'],
           ['X', 'Y'],
           ['X', 'Y'],
           ['X', 'Y'],
           ['X', 'Y'],
           ['X', 'Y'],
           ['X', 'Y'],
           ['X', 'Y'],
           ['X', 'Y'],
    ...
           ['X', 'Y'],
           ['X', 'Y'],
           ['X', 'Y'],
           ['X', 'Y'],
           ['X', 'Y'],
           ['X', 'Y'],
           ['X', 'Y'],
           ['X', 'Y'],
           ['X', 'Y'],
           ['X', 'Y'],
           ['X', 'Y'],
           ['X', 'Y'],
           ['X', 'Y'],
           ['X', 'Y'],
           ['X', 'Y'],
           ['X', 'Y'],
           ['X', 'Y'],
           ['X', 'Y'],
           ['X', 'Y'],
           ['X', 'Y']], dtype='<U1')

  • baseline_id
    (baseline_id)
    int64
    0 1 2 3 4 ... 1887 1888 1889 1890

    array([   0,    1,    2, ..., 1888, 1889, 1890], shape=(1891,))

  • frequency
    (frequency)
    float64
    9.5e+08 9.5e+08 9.501e+08

    channel_width :

    {'attrs': {'type': 'quantity', 'units': 'Hz'}, 'data': 49438.4765625, 'dims': []}

    observer :

    TOPO

    reference_frequency :

    {'attrs': {'observer': 'TOPO', 'type': 'spectral_coord', 'units': 'Hz'}, 'data': 950000000.0, 'dims': []}

    spectral_window_intents :

    ['UNSPECIFIED']

    spectral_window_name :

    spw_0

    type :

    spectral_coord

    units :

    Hz

    array([9.500000e+08, 9.500494e+08, 9.500989e+08])

  • polarization
    (polarization)
    <U2
    'XX' 'XY' 'YX' 'YY'

    array(['XX', 'XY', 'YX', 'YY'], dtype='<U2')

  • time
    (time)
    float64
    9.467e+08 9.467e+08 ... 9.467e+08

    format :

    unix

    integration_time :

    {'attrs': {'type': 'quantity', 'units': 's'}, 'data': 0.7578947368421053, 'dims': []}

    scale :

    utc

    type :

    time

    units :

    s

    array([9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08,
           9.467419e+08, 9.467419e+08, 9.467420e+08, 9.467420e+08, 9.467420e+08,
           9.467420e+08, 9.467420e+08, 9.467420e+08, 9.467420e+08, 9.467420e+08])

  • uvw_label
    (uvw_label)
    <U1
    'u' 'v' 'w'

    array(['u', 'v', 'w'], dtype='<U1')

• Data variables: (3)
  • ANTENNA_DISH_DIAMETER
    (antenna_name)
    float64
    1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 ... 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

    type :

    quantity

    units :

    m

    array([1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1.,
           1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1.,
           1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1.,
           1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1., 1.])

  • ANTENNA_POSITION
    (antenna_name, cartesian_pos_label)
    float64
    5.108e+06 2.007e+06 ... -3.254e+06

    coordinate_system :

    geocentric

    frame :

    ITRS

    origin_object_name :

    earth

    type :

    location

    units :

    m

    array([[ 5108179.39545011,  2006957.21530207, -3238606.16733194],
           [ 5111719.15451623,  2021461.86565682, -3224065.20592911],
           [ 5108766.59141117,  2019457.57392163, -3229956.0414693 ],
           [ 5114743.83318291,  2001791.23431927, -3231482.92466214],
           [ 5116161.25910442,  1997366.89391103, -3231973.48537513],
           [ 5117066.89995845,  1992680.10520672, -3233422.6974856 ],
           [ 5117228.85530903,  1988030.62716249, -3236009.92947018],
           [ 5105572.73140338,  2016403.64050361, -3236860.13743424],
           [ 5109502.32014796,  2005472.2196538 , -3237446.79109973],
           [ 5109118.4937253 ,  2006259.53204728, -3237563.94582581],
           [ 5108200.09881884,  2008527.27983843, -3237606.74649418],
           [ 5108790.29040711,  2006688.57227324, -3237814.26499286],
           [ 5108831.31364334,  2006346.41979481, -3237960.58325596],
           [ 5108611.64472915,  2006703.92753432, -3238084.78516753],
           [ 5108718.99068757,  2006261.34784236, -3238188.96861232],
           [ 5108592.63942978,  2006530.24933474, -3238221.47208399],
           [ 5108906.5947705 ,  2005721.44479866, -3238227.1911582 ],
           [ 5108588.64722381,  2006318.01335465, -3238358.34763176],
           [ 5108441.553801  ,  2006618.48663155, -3238403.90882422],
           [ 5108646.91154325,  2006078.56952562, -3238414.39358598],
    ...
           [ 5108306.20811121,  2006403.95602843, -3238747.99349162],
           [ 5108163.18074192,  2006752.42447629, -3238757.6200547 ],
           [ 5108349.17212248,  2006277.68205546, -3238758.38255433],
           [ 5108386.64719134,  2006059.41403208, -3238833.96502015],
           [ 5107835.50852225,  2007452.55722514, -3238839.96965386],
           [ 5108226.82508862,  2006412.60258496, -3238867.03811338],
           [ 5108439.55737555,  2005848.13662284, -3238881.04886969],
           [ 5108171.50205403,  2006499.23657326, -3238900.39702238],
           [ 5107985.27813612,  2006842.25325275, -3238981.02977838],
           [ 5108078.64084829,  2006428.80080163, -3239089.2061992 ],
           [ 5108349.31631476,  2005680.370326  , -3239125.61419263],
           [ 5108186.47288569,  2006013.73491706, -3239175.65112453],
           [ 5107888.61227597,  2006622.1257444 , -3239267.90899249],
           [ 5108357.51626548,  2005322.72154923, -3239332.71769295],
           [ 5108095.85248234,  2005328.04058685, -3239739.28670779],
           [ 5107736.07095845,  2005572.32158204, -3240152.5088753 ],
           [ 5108982.76596826,  2001335.55825483, -3240802.22938791],
           [ 5102304.49389776,  2002005.40908895, -3250826.45495662],
           [ 5099816.86734714,  2004652.55312279, -3253082.63225949],
           [ 5096674.66521483,  2010408.5797424 , -3254445.49490127]])

  • ANTENNA_RECEPTOR_ANGLE
    (antenna_name, receptor_label)
    float64
    0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

    type :

    quantity

    units :

    rad

    array([[0., 0.],
           [0., 0.],
           [0., 0.],
           [0., 0.],
           [0., 0.],
           [0., 0.],
           [0., 0.],
           [0., 0.],
           [0., 0.],
           [0., 0.],
           [0., 0.],
           [0., 0.],
           [0., 0.],
           [0., 0.],
           [0., 0.],
           [0., 0.],
           [0., 0.],
           [0., 0.],
           [0., 0.],
           [0., 0.],
    ...
           [0., 0.],
           [0., 0.],
           [0., 0.],
           [0., 0.],
           [0., 0.],
           [0., 0.],
           [0., 0.],
           [0., 0.],
           [0., 0.],
           [0., 0.],
           [0., 0.],
           [0., 0.],
           [0., 0.],
           [0., 0.],
           [0., 0.],
           [0., 0.],
           [0., 0.],
           [0., 0.],
           [0., 0.],
           [0., 0.]])

• Attributes: (3)

  overall_telescope_name :

  OSKAR 2.8.4-dev 2023-08-22 d1b86f8c

  relocatable_antennas :

  False

  type :

  antenna

ps_xdt.xr_ps.plot_antenna_positions_2d()